Into The

TUNNELS

A KNOWLEDGE GAME ABOUT NAKED MOLE RATS

ABOUT THIS KNOWLEDGE
TRANSLATION PROJECT
BY OLIVIA HIORT

In our psychology seminar course, I’ve created an engaging and educational interactive game that allows you to delve into the fascinating world of naked mole-rats, exploring their unique biology and intriguing social lives.

We follow Raadi (Somali for “seeker” and “find out”) as he escapes from his laboratory home and adventures (albeit accidentally) into a wild naked mole-rat colony. Raadi learns to blend in with the workers, navigate the underground tunnels, and forage for roots. Finally, he is introduced to the crown of the operation – The Queen.

In preparation for this KT product, I have also written a science article based on an interview with Dr. Phoebe Edwards about her research with naked mole-rats at the Holmes Social Neuroscience Lab. 

Knowledge translation is the process of adapting, synthesizing, or ‘translating’ knowledge generated in one field for application or use in another. It involves identifying a target audience for which the knowledge is relevant, capturing their current understanding, and presenting them with new information in an accurate, ethical, and effective way.

In this first iteration of the UTM PSY401: Knowledge Translation course taught by Dr. Doug VanderLaan, 15 students were matched with psychology labs at the university and tasked with ‘translating’ main research findings from their work. 

Each project is conceptualized and executed by the student, and an evaluation and mobilization plan is developed

The course is available to all department students with 1.0 psychology credits at the 300-level. 

Much of the research integrated in this game was generated by the Holmes Social Neuroscience Lab at the University of Toronto Mississauga. Read more about their work and how to get involved here.

All research referenced in the game can be found here.

One of these is NOT like the others:
A comment on the use of AI images in science products

Some aspects of this game have been designed using AI generated content; including our middle fellow above with the dance moves. Unlike real naked mole-rats beside him, our AI-hybrid has no visible bottom incisors, a convex rather than concave snout, and… eyebrows? A lot of things went wrong. 

As you follow Raadi in this knowledge translation game, I invite you to reflect on the role AI generated content does, can, and should play in science products.

Although they were too fantastical to make it in the game, please enjoy the below images that were created for this project.

THE GAME

how to play

This game was designed in PowerPoint, for an optimal gaming experience, follow the below guidelines:

  1.  Move through the game by clicking on signs, arrows, and boxes that pop up on the screen (avoid using the arrows under the slide).
  2. Before moving to the next scene, finish reading all text on the screen. 
  3. If there seems to be nowhere to navigate, wait a moment, an animation is probably loading.
You’re ready to go!

Explore the research

The Colony

Young naked mole-rats are called ‘pups’ and are born if litters of around 12-15.

(Interview with Dr. Edwards who works with NMRs in the lab)

Naked mole-rat life is organized around a matriarch Queen. She is of the highest status in the colony and protected by her subordinates (her sons and daughters; or offspring of the previous Queen)

(Jarvis et al., 1994)

Naked mole-rat soldiers are highly aggressive to non-colony members.

(Toor et al., 2015)

The Queen: breeds, births and breastfeeds pups for a months before workers assume alloparental care roles.

Breeding males: mate with the Queen.

Subordinate workers: forage for food, maintain the structure of the tunnels, defend against intruders (like snakes), and collectively care for the pups.

(Mooney et al., 2015)

*squeek!*

Naked mole-rats squeek and bark to communicate with one another.

(Buffenstein et al., 2022)

NMR colonies have strict hierarchies of social dominance that dictate interactions between members. Pass-overs occur when two naked mole-rats meet and the higher dominance individual passes over the lower dominance one. Dominance appears to be related to age and mass.

(Toor et al., 2015)

It has been suggested that some NMRs may be more inclined to leave their home colony than others. Although NMRs very rarely leave, this dispersing tendency may exist in the genome to occasionally introduce new genetic information to an otherwise highly inbred colony.

(Toor et al., 2020)

The Biology

Unfortunately for Raadi, his biological ancestors moved underground and lived in the dark and there was little evolutionary pressure for vision. 

(Alexander, 1991; Catania and Remple, 2002)

Likely as a result, naked mole rats can’t see entire images but rather only make out changes in the intensity of light received. 

(Buffenstein et al., 2022)

Naked mole-rats:

  • Age very little during their adult lives
  • Rarely develop cancers
  • Experience little disease

(Buffenstein et al., 2022)

  • And can live longer than many larger rodents like squirrels, beavers, and capybaras (even though lifespan is usually a function of body size.)

(Gorbunova et al., 2008)

  • One naked mole-rat holds the record for longet living rodent: 28 years!

(Buffenstein and Jarvis, 2002)

 

 

The Mole-ratunculus is a visual representation of how much information the naked mole-rat brain gets from each body part.

The four front teeth and the sensory whiskers (vibrissae) are overrepresented in the brain which means that NMRs rely a lot on sensory information from these body parts.


(Catania and Remple, 2002)

Naked mole-rats engage in coprophagia, the re-ingestion of digested material (feces).

(Interview with Dr. Edwards who works with NMRs in the lab)

Olfaction (the sense of smell) is central to the social cognition and working tasks in the colony for NMRs.

(Toor et al., 2015)

The Ecology

Naked mole-rats are found in East Africa, mainly in Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti, and Kenya.

Naked mole rats live in the semi-arid grasslands under acacia trees, grass, and shrubbery.

(Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservational Biology Institute)

The tunnel system of a naked-mole rat colony has been observed to span 5km in the wild. These are some of the longest rodent-maintained tunnels in the world.

(Buffenstein et al., 2022)

Naked mole-rats are well adapted to living in the hypoxic (low oxygen) and hypercapnic (high carbon-dioxide) conditions of a crammed tunnel-system with many individuals

(Buffenstein et al., 2022)

Naked mole-rats are predated by snakes that try to enter their burrows, primarily the Rufous beaked snake and the Kenyan sand boa native to the savannahs and grasslands in East Africa where naked mole-rats live.

(Šmíd and Fernández, 2023)

Naked mole-rats get their nutrients and water from eating roots and tubers that the colony workers gather by tunnel access. They do not leave the colony to forage.

(Interview with Dr. Edwards who works with NMRs in the lab)